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Justice in the context of ethics is fundamentally concerned with fairness and the equitable distribution of resources. In healthcare, this principle emphasizes that all individuals should have fair access to medical services and that resources should be allocated based on need rather than arbitrary criteria. This perspective is crucial in addressing disparities in health outcomes and ensuring that marginalized or underserved populations receive appropriate care.

By focusing on the equitable distribution of healthcare resources, justice helps guide decisions about how to allocate limited resources, such as funding and personnel, to ensure that all patients receive fair treatment. This understanding plays a pivotal role in healthcare policy-making and the ethical responsibilities of healthcare providers to advocate for equity.

The other options, while important aspects of healthcare ethics, relate more to individual autonomy, non-maleficence (avoiding harm), and general well-being rather than the specific equity and fairness that justice embodies in healthcare contexts. These principles are integral to ethical decision-making but do not capture the essence of justice as precisely as the equitable distribution of healthcare resources does.